John Henry Newman (1801 - 1890) was an Anglican priest converted to Catholicism in 1845, later elevated to the dignity of cardinal by Pope Leo XIII. In his youth he was an important figure in the Oxford Movement, which aspired to return the Church of England to its Catholic roots. His studies led him to convert to the faith of the Catholic Church. During both periods, as an Anglican and as a Catholic, Newman wrote important books, including Via Media, An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine, Apologia Pro Vita Sua, and Grammar of Assent. He was beatified by Pope Benedict XVI on September 19, 2010 during his visit to the United Kingdom. His canonization was officially approved by Pope Francis on February 12, 2019 and took place on October 13, 2019.